Correction and Retraction

Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH) is a peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal published by CV. Surya Buana through Surya Buana Consulting and managed by an Editorial Team officially appointed by the publisher's leadership.

JSH is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. Errors, ethical concerns, or new evidence affecting published articles must be addressed through fair, timely, evidence-based, and transparent procedures.

This policy establishes principles and procedures for corrections, expressions of concern, retractions, article removal, and other post-publication updates. It is informed by the guidelines of COPE, ICMJE, and Crossref.

The policy applies to all articles published by JSH, regardless of language, methodology, author affiliation, or article type.

1. General Principles

JSH recognizes the published scholarly record as a permanent and accountable record of academic research.

Accuracy: Errors and integrity concerns must be appropriately assessed and addressed.
Transparency: Significant changes must be clearly communicated to readers.
Proportionality: Actions must reflect the seriousness and consequences of the problem.
Fairness: Relevant parties should normally have an opportunity to provide clarification.
Editorial Independence: Decisions must not be influenced by inappropriate external interests.
Traceability: Significant updates must be documented and linked to the affected publication.
Preservation: The scholarly record should ordinarily remain accessible after correction or retraction.

The purpose of correction and retraction is to maintain the integrity of scholarly literature, not to punish authors.

2. Article Corrections

A correction may be issued when an article contains a significant error or omission that can be remedied without invalidating its principal findings or conclusions.

Corrections may concern:

Incorrect or incomplete author information.
Errors in affiliations or acknowledgments.
Incorrect numerical values, labels, tables, or figures.
Statistical reporting errors that do not invalidate the main findings.
Incorrect citations, references, or scholarly attribution.
Missing funding or conflict-of-interest declarations.
Other errors affecting accuracy, interpretation, or attribution.

2.1. Minor Technical Corrections

Minor typographical, formatting, or technical errors that do not materially affect meaning, attribution, interpretation, or citation may be corrected through an appropriate editorial update.

Where necessary, the date and nature of the change may be documented. Such minor changes do not automatically require a separate formal correction notice.

2.2. Formal Corrections

Formal corrections are considered when an error materially affects accuracy or interpretation but the central findings remain reliable.

JSH may issue an Erratum, Corrigendum, or Correction Notice.

Formal notices should:

Identify the original article.
Describe the error and correction.
Explain any effect on the conclusions.
Identify the correction date.
Be freely accessible and linked to the original article.
Be reflected in metadata and DOI records where applicable.

JSH will not silently alter published articles in a manner that obscures editorially significant corrections.

3. Addenda and Editorial Clarifications

An Addendum may be issued when important supplementary information or clarification becomes necessary without invalidating the original research.

An Editorial Note may clarify a matter concerning an article's interpretation, publication history, or editorial status.

These notices must be identified, justified, and linked to the original publication. They must not be used to conceal serious errors or avoid a necessary retraction.

4. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued when credible, substantial questions arise regarding a published article but available evidence does not yet establish the appropriate final action.

Relevant circumstances may include:

Serious uncertainty regarding data or findings.
Unresolved allegations of misconduct.
Ongoing relevant institutional investigations.
Concerns about research ethics, participant protection, or peer review.
Other significant unresolved reliability concerns.

The notice must identify the article, explain the concern to the extent appropriate, and indicate that assessment is ongoing. It must be publicly accessible and linked to the original article.

Following resolution, JSH may withdraw the concern, issue a follow-up statement, publish a correction, or retract the article. An Expression of Concern must not delay a justified retraction when sufficient evidence is already available.

5. Article Retraction

Retraction alerts readers that a publication contains serious problems affecting its reliability, validity, originality, or scholarly integrity.

Retraction may be considered when:

Unreliable Findings: Major errors, fabrication, falsification, or serious methodological problems undermine the findings.
Plagiarism: Substantial intellectual material has been reproduced without attribution.
Duplicate Publication: Research was previously published without adequate disclosure, justification, or acknowledgment.
Research Ethics Violations: Serious failures of informed consent, participant protection, or applicable research ethics requirements have occurred.
Peer-Review Manipulation: The review process was compromised or fraudulently manipulated.
Unauthorized Materials: Protected data or materials were used without required authorization and the problem cannot be adequately corrected.
Serious Conflicts of Interest: Undisclosed competing interests substantially compromised the work.
Other Integrity Concerns: Serious problems make the principal findings or scholarly claims unreliable.

Retraction may arise from deliberate misconduct or major unintentional error. Proof of deliberate misconduct is not always necessary when findings are demonstrably unreliable.

A correction is generally preferable when the problem is limited and principal findings remain reliable. Decisions must be evidence-based, not punitive.

6. Assessment and Decision-Making Procedures

Authors, reviewers, editors, readers, research institutions, funding organizations, and other concerned parties may report significant errors or suspected misconduct.

Step 1 - Receipt of the Concern

The Editorial Team receives a correction request, complaint, or allegation through the journal's official contact channel.

Step 2 - Preliminary Assessment

The Editor-in-Chief or an authorized independent editor assesses the concern, affected article, and available evidence.

Step 3 - Author Clarification

The corresponding author and relevant parties are normally invited to provide explanations and supporting documentation.

Step 4 - Evidence Evaluation

The Editorial Team examines published content, research records, editorial correspondence, peer-review history, and other evidence. Independent expertise may be requested.

Step 5 - Institutional Consultation

Serious concerns may be referred to relevant research institutions or competent authorities when a formal investigation is necessary.

Step 6 - Editorial Determination

The responsible editor determines whether no action, clarification, correction, Expression of Concern, retraction, or another measure is appropriate.

Step 7 - Publication of the Notice

The journal publishes an appropriate notice and links it to the affected article.

Step 8 - Metadata Update and Documentation

Relevant article labels, metadata, DOI records, and editorial documentation are updated as appropriate and technically supported.

The journal seeks to address concerns promptly while ensuring fair and thorough assessment.

Where evidence establishes unreliability, necessary retraction need not be delayed solely because institutional proceedings remain incomplete or authors disagree.

7. Publication and Presentation of Retraction Notices

A formal Retraction Notice must ordinarily be issued when an article is retracted.

The notice must:

Identify the affected article, its authors, and DOI where available.
Be prominently labeled as a retraction.
Identify who is issuing the retraction.
Explain the grounds using factual, objective, non-defamatory language.
Distinguish honest error from established misconduct where evidence permits.
State the notice publication date.
Link to the original article.
Be linked from the article's landing page and relevant records.

The original article will ordinarily remain accessible as part of the scholarly record with a prominent RETRACTED label or watermark and a link to the notice.

The landing page, available full-text formats, and relevant metadata must reflect retracted status where technically feasible.

Retraction notices must remain freely accessible. The original article must not be silently deleted or replaced with unrelated content.

8. Article Removal and Legal Limitations

Article removal is exceptional and distinct from retraction. It may be considered when continued access creates serious legal, privacy, ethical, or safety risks that cannot reasonably be addressed through less restrictive action.

Examples include:

Binding legal requirements or court orders.
Serious infringements of privacy or confidentiality.
Unlawful or defamatory material requiring removal.
Disclosure of sensitive information creating substantial risk of harm.
Other compelling legal or safety circumstances.

Where lawful and practicable, bibliographic information and an appropriate removal notice should remain accessible.

Removal must be limited to the extent necessary and must not conceal misconduct or suppress legitimate scholarly criticism.

9. Retraction and Republication

In exceptional circumstances, a fundamentally flawed article may be retracted and a substantially corrected version considered for new publication.

The corrected version must undergo appropriate editorial evaluation and, when necessary, independent peer review.

The new version must be distinguished from the retracted article, with clear links to its publication history.

The retracted publication must ordinarily remain identifiable, and republication must not obscure earlier editorial action.

10. DOI Registration, Metadata, and Indexing

JSH uses DOI prefix 10.70214 for registered scholarly publications.

For significant post-publication updates, the journal will seek to:

Preserve the original article's persistent identifier.
Publish a separate significant update notice.
Register a separate DOI for the notice where applicable.
Link the notice and affected article through appropriate metadata relationships.
Update relevant article metadata to show the revised publication status.
Provide links between the original article and the notice.
Notify relevant metadata and indexing services where feasible.

The journal follows relevant Crossref guidance for registering updates.

Registered DOI identifiers must not be deleted, reassigned, or reused for unrelated publications.

The journal does not claim that Crossmark is active unless the functionality has been implemented and verified.

11. Responsibilities of Authors, Editors, and Publisher

11.1. Authors

Authors must promptly report significant errors, unreliable findings, or ethical concerns affecting their published work and cooperate with reasonable requests for clarification or corrective action.

11.2. Editors

The Editor-in-Chief and authorized Handling Editors evaluate post-publication concerns, manage conflicts of interest, seek independent expertise where necessary, and determine appropriate editorial actions.

Editors must ensure fairness, confidentiality, proportionality, and appropriate documentation. Conflicted editors must not participate in decisions about affected publications.

11.3. Publisher

CV. Surya Buana provides institutional, technical, and administrative support for maintaining the scholarly record while respecting editorial independence.

APC payments, commercial interests, and institutional relationships must not influence correction or retraction decisions.

12. Appeals, Complaints, and Post-Publication Discussion

Authors may appeal significant editorial actions when substantial factual errors, procedural irregularities, or important new evidence justify reconsideration.

Appeals must include supporting reasons and evidence. The Editor-in-Chief or an independent editor will assess them where appropriate.

An appeal does not automatically suspend or reverse a notice when sufficient evidence requires readers to be informed.

Readers and other stakeholders may submit substantiated scholarly criticisms, correction requests, or integrity concerns through the official editorial channel.

Suspected misconduct is handled under the journal's Publication Ethics and Allegations of Misconduct policies.

13. Documentation, Transparency, and Policy Review

JSH maintains appropriate records of post-publication concerns and actions.

Relevant records may include:

Original complaints or correction requests.
Supporting evidence and documentation.
Correspondence with relevant parties.
Independent assessments or institutional findings.
Editorial decisions and rationale.
Published notices and metadata updates.

Records are maintained through OJS or other authorized systems, subject to confidentiality and data protection requirements.

This policy applies equally to publications written in Bahasa Indonesia and English. JSH periodically reviews the policy to remain consistent with developments in publication ethics and scholarly metadata standards.

14. Reporting and Editorial Contact

Correction requests, concerns about published articles, and other post-publication matters should be submitted to the official JSH Editorial Office.

Journal: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH)

Publisher: CV. Surya Buana

Publishing Platform: Surya Buana Consulting

E-ISSN: 3063-2722

Website: Jurnal Sosial Humaniora (JSH)

Editorial Contact: Contact JSH Editorial Office

Reports should identify the affected article and provide an explanation with supporting evidence where available.

JSH is committed to ensuring that the scholarly community has access to accurate, reliable, and transparent publication records.