Simbol dalam Tata Ruang: Kota sebagai Representasi Kekuasaan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70214/010nbp18Keywords:
Ruang kota, simbol, Representasi kekuasaan, Resistensi , MakassarAbstract
Kota bukan hanya ruang fisik, melainkan medan simbolik tempat kekuasaan dipertontonkan dan dinegosiasikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana simbol dalam tata ruang kota digunakan sebagai sarana representasi kekuasaan sekaligus ruang resistensi masyarakat. Studi ini mengambil kasus Kota Makassar, yang mengalami transformasi urban signifikan dalam dua dekade terakhir. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif berbasis antropologi kritis, data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara mendalam, serta analisis dokumentasi simbol-simbol kota. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa tata ruang Makassar1melalui gedung monumental, tugu pahlawan, penataan kawasan elit, dan eksklusi terhadap warga marjinal-memuat narasi dominasi negara dan kapital. Namun, warga juga memproduksi ruang alternatif melalui mural, komunitas lorong, dan simbol lokal sebagai bentuk perlawanan simbolik. Analisis menggunakan teori Stuart Hall, Henri Lefebvre, dan Antonio Gramsci memperlihatkan bahwa kota merupakan teks budaya yang sarat kuasa dan makna. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya membaca ruang kota secara kritis agar pembangunan tidak hanya estetis, tetapi juga adil dan inklusif secara simbolik.
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